Packet #130517 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from Nighthawk (AS) to LZ1BLG🇧🇬 (BLAG)

4
Total Receptions
2
Unique Gateways
0
Hop Count
28
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 130517
Mesh Packet ID: 0x72b60d62
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2025-09-30 17:23:07 UTC
From Node: Nighthawk (AS)
To Node: LZ1BLG🇧🇬 (BLAG)
Success: Processed
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Port: 70
Gateway: Meshtastic a3ac (a3ac)
Channel: Bulgaria
RSSI: -117 dBm
SNR: -6.75 dBm
Hop Info: 0/2 hops
Start: 2, Limit: 2
Payload Data
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Size: 28 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
Route Information
Route Path: GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)
Hop Count: 0 hops
Status: Forward complete, Return in progress
SNR Towards: 0.0 dB -0.25 dB
Return Path: GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)
SNR Back: 10.25 dB
Traceroute Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 LZ1BLG🇧🇬 (BLAG) GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN) 121.28 km 0.0 dB Origin Hops
2 GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN) Nighthawk (AS) Unknown -0.25 dB Destination Hops
Return Path Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 Nighthawk (AS) GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN) Unknown 10.25 dB Return Start Hops
Total Forward Distance
121.28 km
Combined Traceroute Graph
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Legend & Paths
Nodes
🔄 Router Node
📡 Gateway Node
🚀 Source Node
🎯 Target Node
Connections
RF Link
Gateway Connection
Direct Reception (0 hops)
Packet Paths
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Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:28 bytes
Gateway:!b03ca3ac
Channel:Bulgaria
Payload Type:TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:Unknown / 2
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Direct Message
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 4 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !b03ca3ac
Node ID format
channel_id Bulgaria
packet MeshPacket (28 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 821597867
Source node ID 		uint32
to 3866767604
Target node ID 		uint32
decoded.portnum 70
TRACEROUTE_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 28 bytes size
hop_limit 2
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 2
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 0
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -117.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr -6.75 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1759242186
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack True
Acknowledgment requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 8
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1759242187.536294
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Acknowledgment requested
  • ✓ Targeted to specific node
  • ✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
  • ✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Want ack: True
Gateway ID: !b03ca3ac
Zero Hop Policy: Enabled
Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -117.0 dBm
SNR: -6.75 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:28 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "route_nodes": [ 2661322504 ], "snr_towards": [ 0.0, -0.25 ], "route_back": [ 2661322504 ], "snr_back": [ 10.25 ], "route_node_names": { "2661322504": "GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)", "821597867": "Nighthawk (AS)", "3866767604": "LZ1BLG🇧🇬 (BLAG)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 130517, "timestamp": 1759242187.536294, "from_node_id": 821597867, "to_node_id": 3866767604, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!b03ca3ac", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "mesh_packet_id": 1924533602, "rssi": -117, "snr": -6.75, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "payload_length": 28, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a04088fa09e120b00ffffffffffffffffff011a04088fa09e220129", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1759242186, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 8, "tx_after": 0, "timestamp_str": "2025-09-30 17:23:07", "hop_count": 0, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "Nighthawk (AS)", "to_node_name": "LZ1BLG🇧🇬 (BLAG)", "gateway_name": "Meshtastic a3ac (a3ac)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 2956764076, "latitude": 42.7188224, "longitude": 23.2677376, "altitude": null, "timestamp": 1759215339.202588, "timestamp_str": "2025-09-30 09:55:39", "display_name": "Meshtastic a3ac", "long_name": "Meshtastic a3ac", "short_name": "a3ac", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V3" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 130517, "from_node_id": 821597867, "to_node_id": 3866767604, "timestamp": 1759242187.536294, "gateway_id": "!b03ca3ac", "raw_payload": "0a04088fa09e120b00ffffffffffffffffff011a04088fa09e220129", "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "from_node_name": "Nighthawk (AS)", "to_node_name": "LZ1BLG🇧🇬 (BLAG)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 2661322504 ], "snr_towards": [ 0.0, -0.25 ], "route_back": [ 2661322504 ], "snr_back": [ 10.25 ] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward_with_return", "node_ids": [ 3866767604, 2661322504, 821597867 ], "node_names": [ "LZ1BLG🇧🇬 (BLAG)", "GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)", "Nighthawk (AS)" ], "snr_values": [ 0.0, -0.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3866767604, "to_node_id": 2661322504, "from_node_name": "LZ1BLG🇧🇬 (BLAG)", "to_node_name": "GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 121281.67187651368, "from_location_timestamp": 1758742832.3673866, "to_location_timestamp": 1759138372.0846312, "from_location_age_warning": "from 5.8d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.2d ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2661322504, "to_node_id": 821597867, "from_node_name": "GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)", "to_node_name": "Nighthawk (AS)", "snr": -0.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "return_path": { "path_type": "return", "node_ids": [ 821597867, 2661322504 ], "node_names": [ "Nighthawk (AS)", "GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)" ], "snr_values": [ 10.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 821597867, "to_node_id": 2661322504, "from_node_name": "Nighthawk (AS)", "to_node_name": "GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)", "snr": 10.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 1 }, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "combined_rf", "node_ids": [ 3866767604, 2661322504, 821597867 ], "node_names": [ "LZ1BLG🇧🇬 (BLAG)", "GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)", "Nighthawk (AS)" ], "snr_values": [ 0.0, -0.25, 10.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3866767604, "to_node_id": 2661322504, "from_node_name": "LZ1BLG🇧🇬 (BLAG)", "to_node_name": "GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 121281.67187651368, "from_location_timestamp": 1758742832.3673866, "to_location_timestamp": 1759138372.0846312, "from_location_age_warning": "from 5.8d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.2d ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2661322504, "to_node_id": 821597867, "from_node_name": "GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)", "to_node_name": "Nighthawk (AS)", "snr": -0.25, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 821597867, "to_node_id": 2661322504, "from_node_name": "Nighthawk (AS)", "to_node_name": "GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)", "snr": 10.25, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 3 } }, "has_return_path": true, "is_complete": true, "forward_path_display": "LZ1BLG🇧🇬 (BLAG) → GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN) → Nighthawk (AS)", "return_path_display": "Nighthawk (AS) → GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)", "actual_rf_path_display": "LZ1BLG🇧🇬 (BLAG) → GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN) → Nighthawk (AS)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3866767604, "to_node_id": 2661322504, "from_node_name": "LZ1BLG🇧🇬 (BLAG)", "to_node_name": "GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 121281.67187651368, "from_location_timestamp": 1758742832.3673866, "to_location_timestamp": 1759138372.0846312, "from_location_age_warning": "from 5.8d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.2d ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2661322504, "to_node_id": 821597867, "from_node_name": "GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)", "to_node_name": "Nighthawk (AS)", "snr": -0.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "return_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 821597867, "to_node_id": 2661322504, "from_node_name": "Nighthawk (AS)", "to_node_name": "GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)", "snr": 10.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "total_forward_distance": 121281.67187651368, "total_return_distance": 0 }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!b03ca3ac", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 821597867, "to": 3866767604, "id": 1924533602, "rx_time": 1759242186, "rx_snr": -6.75, "rx_rssi": -117, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 8, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 70, "payload": "0a04088fa09e120b00ffffffffffffffffff011a04088fa09e220129", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 2661322504 ], "snr_towards": [ 0, -1 ], "route_back": [ 2661322504 ], "snr_back": [ 41 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (28 bytes)
0a04088fa09e120b00ffffffffffffffffff011a04088fa09e220129
Hex Analysis:
Size:28 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Channel Timestamp Actions
Meshtastic a3ac (a3ac) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-117.0 dBm -6.75 dB 0 Bulgaria 2025-09-30 17:23:07 Current
GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN) -0.807s
Before 		-96.0 dBm 10.25 dB 0 Bulgaria 2025-09-30 17:23:06 View
GW Nadejda 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN) -0.438s
Before 		-96.0 dBm 10.25 dB 0 Bulgaria 2025-09-30 17:23:07 View
Meshtastic a3ac (a3ac) +0.361s
After 		-117.0 dBm -6.75 dB 0 Bulgaria 2025-09-30 17:23:07 View
4

Total Receptions

2

Unique Gateways