Packet #170443

Database ID:	170443
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x5bfc9045` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-09-09 22:00:03 UTC
From Node:	h-base-a (hb-a)
To Node:	mesh-web-bot (wbot)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	TELEMETRY_APP Port: 67

Gateway:	h-base-a (hb-a)
Channel:	Bulgaria
RSSI:	Unknown
SNR:	Unknown
Hop Info:	0/1 hops Start: 1, Limit: 1

Battery:	101%
Voltage:	4.41 V
Channel Usage:	0.0%
Air Util TX:	0.0%

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	28 bytes
Gateway:	!90969ea8
Channel:	Bulgaria
Payload Type:	TELEMETRY_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 1

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 3 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!90969ea8` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`Bulgaria`
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (28 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`2425790120` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4273004234` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`67` TELEMETRY_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`28` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`1` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`1` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	Not set	int32
`rx_snr`	Not set	float
`rx_time`	`1757444403` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	`70` Packet priority level	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`168` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1757444403.45658` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!90969ea8`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	TELEMETRY_APP
Size:	28 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "time": 1757444403, "device_metrics": { "battery_level": 101, "voltage": 4.41, "channel_utilization": 0.038333334, "air_util_tx": 0.04936111, "uptime_seconds": 21848 } }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!90969ea8", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2425790120, "to": 4273004234, "id": 1543278661, "rx_time": 1757444403, "rx_snr": 0.0, "rx_rssi": 0, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 1, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 70, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 168, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 67, "payload": "0d3379c0681215086515b81e8d401d6a031d3d25e02e4a3d28d8aa01", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "time": 1757444403, "device_metrics": { "battery_level": 101, "voltage": 4.41, "channel_utilization": 0.038333334, "air_util_tx": 0.04936111, "uptime_seconds": 21848 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TELEMETRY_APP", "message_class": "Telemetry" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (28 bytes)

0d3379c0681215086515b81e8d401d6a031d3d25e02e4a3d28d8aa01

Hex Analysis:

Size:	28 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #170443 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data:

Device Metrics: