Packet #1728643

Database ID:	1728643
Mesh Packet ID:	`0xf2a0e2ff` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-04-03 22:16:07 UTC
From Node:	Bin Hop (BCBH)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	Bin Hop (BCBH)
Channel:	Bulgaria
RSSI:	Unknown
SNR:	Unknown
Hop Info:	0/2 hops Start: 2, Limit: 2
Relay Node:	`dc` BCBH Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Long Name:	Bin Hop
Short Name:	BCBH
Node ID:	!16ced4dc
MAC Address:	mKMWztTc
Hardware:	STATION_G2

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	74 bytes
Gateway:	!16ced4dc
Channel:	Bulgaria
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	0 / 2

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
+ 2 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!16ced4dc` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`Bulgaria`
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (74 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Canonical MeshPacket view reconstructed from stored protobuf bytes.

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`382653660` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`NODEINFO_APP` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`74` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`2` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	Not set	int32
`rx_snr`	Not set	float
`rx_time`	`1775254566` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	`BACKGROUND` Packet priority level	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	`37` Channel index	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`220` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	Not set	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!16ced4dc`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	74 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!16ced4dc", "long_name": "Bin Hop", "short_name": "BCBH", "macaddr": "mKMWztTc", "hw_model": "STATION_G2" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "packet": { "from": 382653660, "to": 4294967295, "channel": 37, "decoded": { "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "payload": "CgkhMTZjZWQ0ZGMSB0JpbiBIb3AaBEJDQkgiBpijFs7U3CgfOAxCIDnIb9MX+1tucqWtybDSyCYDjhit1sR3cRUFVN5pvSFNSAE=", "bitfield": 1 }, "id": 4070630143, "rx_time": 1775254566, "hop_limit": 2, "priority": "BACKGROUND", "hop_start": 2, "relay_node": 220 }, "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "gateway_id": "!16ced4dc" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 382653660, "to": 4294967295, "channel": 37, "decoded": { "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "payload": "CgkhMTZjZWQ0ZGMSB0JpbiBIb3AaBEJDQkgiBpijFs7U3CgfOAxCIDnIb9MX+1tucqWtybDSyCYDjhit1sR3cRUFVN5pvSFNSAE=", "bitfield": 1, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!16ced4dc", "long_name": "Bin Hop", "short_name": "BCBH", "macaddr": "mKMWztTc", "hw_model": "STATION_G2", "role": "CLIENT_BASE", "public_key": "Ochv0xf7W25ypa3JsNLIJgOOGK3WxHdxFQVU3mm9IU0=", "is_unmessagable": true, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } }, "id": 4070630143, "rx_time": 1775254566, "hop_limit": 2, "priority": "BACKGROUND", "hop_start": 2, "relay_node": 220 } }

Raw Packet Data (74 bytes)

0a09213136636564346463120742696e20486f701a0442434248220698a316ced4dc281f380c422039c86fd317fb5b6e72a5adc9b0d2c826038e18add6c47771150554de69bd214d4801

Hex Analysis:

Size:	74 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #1728643 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: