Packet #2436086

Database ID:	2436086
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x9f64d09f` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-05-16 18:39:12 UTC
From Node:	RUSE2 (RS02)
To Node:	Meshtastic b411 (b411)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	Ruse GW (RS1)
Channel:	Bulgaria
RSSI:	-22 dBm
SNR:	11.0 dBm
Hop Info:	0/2 hops Start: 2, Limit: 2
Relay Node:	`bc` RS02 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Long Name:	RUSE2
Short Name:	RS02
Node ID:	!8a9b23bc
MAC Address:	x0GKmyO8
Hardware:	SEEED_SOLAR_NODE

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	72 bytes
Gateway:	!04c5a00c
Channel:	Bulgaria
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	0 / 2

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 3 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!04c5a00c` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`Bulgaria`
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (72 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Canonical MeshPacket view reconstructed from stored protobuf bytes.

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`2325423036` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`3115168785` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`NODEINFO_APP` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`72` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`2` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-22.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`11.00` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1778956750` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	`37` Channel index	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`188` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	Not set	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!04c5a00c`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -22.0 dBm SNR: 11.00 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	72 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!8a9b23bc", "long_name": "RUSE2", "short_name": "RS02", "macaddr": "x0GKmyO8", "hw_model": "SEEED_SOLAR_NODE" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "packet": { "from": 2325423036, "to": 3115168785, "channel": 37, "decoded": { "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "payload": "CgkhOGE5YjIzYmMSBVJVU0UyGgRSUzAyIgbHQYqbI7woXzgMQiBsxwBMJXJzTMHqPuLbAH4QHUU2zW+sWcvpm82JYmK6ZkgA", "want_response": true, "bitfield": 3 }, "id": 2674184351, "rx_time": 1778956750, "rx_snr": 11.0, "hop_limit": 2, "rx_rssi": -22, "hop_start": 2, "relay_node": 188, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" }, "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "gateway_id": "!04c5a00c" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2325423036, "to": 3115168785, "channel": 37, "decoded": { "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "payload": "CgkhOGE5YjIzYmMSBVJVU0UyGgRSUzAyIgbHQYqbI7woXzgMQiBsxwBMJXJzTMHqPuLbAH4QHUU2zW+sWcvpm82JYmK6ZkgA", "want_response": true, "bitfield": 3, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!8a9b23bc", "long_name": "RUSE2", "short_name": "RS02", "macaddr": "x0GKmyO8", "hw_model": "SEEED_SOLAR_NODE", "role": "CLIENT_BASE", "public_key": "bMcATCVyc0zB6j7i2wB+EB1FNs1vrFnL6ZvNiWJiumY=", "is_unmessagable": false, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } }, "id": 2674184351, "rx_time": 1778956750, "rx_snr": 11.0, "hop_limit": 2, "rx_rssi": -22, "hop_start": 2, "relay_node": 188, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" } }

Raw Packet Data (72 bytes)

0a09213861396232336263120552555345321a04525330322206c7418a9b23bc285f380c42206cc7004c2572734cc1ea3ee2db007e101d4536cd6fac59cbe99bcd896262ba664800

Hex Analysis:

Size:	72 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #2436086 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: