Packet #2511425

Database ID:	2511425
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x07838fae` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-05-24 11:01:28 UTC
From Node:	Snagles LZ1S/p SWATbg 🇧🇬 🚑 (ZULU)
To Node:	LZ2ISI (ISI)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	Vitoshko Rele (VRR)
Channel:	Bulgaria
RSSI:	-68 dBm
SNR:	-10.5 dBm
Hop Info:	0/2 hops Start: 2, Limit: 2
Relay Node:	`28` ZULU , 9d28 , PAPA , 7d28 , 1c28 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Long Name:	Snagles LZ1S/p SWATbg 🇧🇬 🚑
Short Name:	ZULU
Node ID:	!16cfa228
MAC Address:	mKMWz6Io
Hardware:	STATION_G2

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	100 bytes
Gateway:	!b29fa158
Channel:	Bulgaria
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	0 / 2

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 3 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!b29fa158` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`Bulgaria`
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (100 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Canonical MeshPacket view reconstructed from stored protobuf bytes.

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`382706216` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`1058912875` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`NODEINFO_APP` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`100` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`2` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-68.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-10.50` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1779620487` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	`37` Channel index	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`40` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	Not set	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!b29fa158`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -68.0 dBm SNR: -10.50 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	100 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!16cfa228", "long_name": "Snagles LZ1S/p SWATbg 🇧🇬 🚑", "short_name": "ZULU", "macaddr": "mKMWz6Io", "hw_model": "STATION_G2" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "packet": { "from": 382706216, "to": 1058912875, "channel": 37, "decoded": { "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "payload": "CgkhMTZjZmEyMjgSI1NuYWdsZXMgTFoxUy9wIFNXQVRiZyDwn4en8J+HrCDwn5qRGgRaVUxVIgaYoxbPoigoH0Igt1TP/0D4eWSMKFSPhyUOpjztd46ifY1ehhr06LiIKVxIAA==", "want_response": true, "bitfield": 3 }, "id": 126062510, "rx_time": 1779620487, "rx_snr": -10.5, "hop_limit": 2, "rx_rssi": -68, "hop_start": 2, "relay_node": 40, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" }, "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "gateway_id": "!b29fa158" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 382706216, "to": 1058912875, "channel": 37, "decoded": { "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "payload": "CgkhMTZjZmEyMjgSI1NuYWdsZXMgTFoxUy9wIFNXQVRiZyDwn4en8J+HrCDwn5qRGgRaVUxVIgaYoxbPoigoH0Igt1TP/0D4eWSMKFSPhyUOpjztd46ifY1ehhr06LiIKVxIAA==", "want_response": true, "bitfield": 3, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!16cfa228", "long_name": "Snagles LZ1S/p SWATbg 🇧🇬 🚑", "short_name": "ZULU", "macaddr": "mKMWz6Io", "hw_model": "STATION_G2", "public_key": "t1TP/0D4eWSMKFSPhyUOpjztd46ifY1ehhr06LiIKVw=", "is_unmessagable": false, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } }, "id": 126062510, "rx_time": 1779620487, "rx_snr": -10.5, "hop_limit": 2, "rx_rssi": -68, "hop_start": 2, "relay_node": 40, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" } }

Raw Packet Data (100 bytes)

0a092131366366613232381223536e61676c6573204c5a31532f702053574154626720f09f87a7f09f87ac20f09f9a911a045a554c55220698a316cfa228281f4220b754cfff40f879648c28548f87250ea63ced778ea27d8d5e861af4e8b888295c4800

Hex Analysis:

Size:	100 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #2511425 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: