Packet #9178

Database ID:	9178
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x47067ca5` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-08-17 14:44:54 UTC
From Node:	LZ1EPB-R ☀️📵 (str6)
To Node:	!ea09a670 (a670)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	SFBSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)
Channel:	Bulgaria
RSSI:	-119 dBm
SNR:	-8.0 dBm
Hop Info:	0/2 hops Start: 2, Limit: 2

Long Name:	LZ1EPB-R ☀️📵
Short Name:	str6
Node ID:	!d69158d5
MAC Address:	7knWkVjV
Hardware:	RAK4631

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	86 bytes
Gateway:	!da5afcbc
Channel:	Bulgaria
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 2

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 3 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!da5afcbc` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`Bulgaria`
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (86 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`3599849685` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`3926500976` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`86` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`2` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-119.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-8.00` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1755431094` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`213` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1755431094.8229153` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!da5afcbc`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -119.0 dBm SNR: -8.00 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	86 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!d69158d5", "long_name": "LZ1EPB-R ☀️📵", "short_name": "str6", "macaddr": "7knWkVjV", "hw_model": "RAK4631" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!da5afcbc", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 3599849685, "to": 3926500976, "id": 1191607461, "rx_time": 1755431094, "rx_snr": -8.0, "rx_rssi": -119, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 213, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a0921643639313538643512134c5a314550422d5220e29880efb88ff09f93b51a04737472362206ee49d69158d5280938024220ca7b15d16af06c9a9ea6360c37b907a0bb788f2a879c8b09f8b5a6072b72f1334801", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!d69158d5", "long_name": "LZ1EPB-R ☀️📵", "short_name": "str6", "macaddr": "7knWkVjV", "hw_model": "RAK4631", "role": "ROUTER", "public_key": "ynsV0WrwbJqepjYMN7kHoLt4jyqHnIsJ+LWmByty8TM=", "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (86 bytes)

0a0921643639313538643512134c5a314550422d5220e29880efb88ff09f93b51a04737472362206ee49d69158d5280938024220ca7b15d16af06c9a9ea6360c37b907a0bb788f2a879c8b09f8b5a6072b72f1334801

Hex Analysis:

Size:	86 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #9178 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: