Packet #135996 Success

ROUTING_APP packet from LZ4NY🙍🇧🇬 (MIRO) to TC2-BBS📬💻🇧🇬 (TBBS)

5
Total Receptions
5
Unique Gateways
0
Hop Count
2
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 135996
Mesh Packet ID: 0x03b4a831
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2025-09-03 20:58:28 UTC
From Node: LZ4NY🙍🇧🇬 (MIRO)
To Node: TC2-BBS📬💻🇧🇬 (TBBS)
Success: Processed
Protocol: ROUTING_APP
Port: 5
Gateway: Vratsa Telegram Bot 🇧🇬🤖🛰️ (VRTB)
Channel: Bulgaria
RSSI: -49 dBm
SNR: 13.5 dBm
Hop Info: 0/2 hops
Start: 2, Limit: 2
Payload Data
Protocol: ROUTING_APP
Size: 2 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
{
  "error_reason": "NONE",
  "type": "protobuf",
  "portnum": "ROUTING_APP",
  "message_class": "Routing"
}
Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:2 bytes
Gateway:!23d164f8
Channel:Bulgaria
Payload Type:ROUTING_APP
Hop Count:Unknown / 2
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Direct Message
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 3 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !23d164f8
Node ID format
channel_id Bulgaria
packet MeshPacket (2 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 1786817921
Source node ID 		uint32
to 14241268
Target node ID 		uint32
decoded.portnum 5
ROUTING_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 2 bytes size
hop_limit 2
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 2
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 0
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -49.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr 13.50 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1756922306
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack False
No ACK requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop 16
Next hop node ID 		uint32
relay_node 129
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1756922308.3139641
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Targeted to specific node
  • ✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
  • ✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Gateway ID: !23d164f8
Zero Hop Policy: Enabled
Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -49.0 dBm
SNR: 13.50 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:ROUTING_APP
Size:2 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "error_reason": "NONE", "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "ROUTING_APP", "message_class": "Routing" }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!23d164f8", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 1786817921, "to": 14241268, "id": 62171185, "rx_time": 1756922306, "rx_snr": 13.5, "rx_rssi": -49, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 16, "relay_node": 129, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 5, "payload": "1800", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "error_reason": "NONE", "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "ROUTING_APP", "message_class": "Routing" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (2 bytes)
1800
Hex Analysis:
Size:2 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Channel Timestamp Actions
Vratsa Telegram Bot 🇧🇬🤖🛰️ (VRTB) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-49.0 dBm 13.50 dB 0 Bulgaria 2025-09-03 20:58:28 Current
Vratsa HWP 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (VRWP) -0.190s
Before 		-53.0 dBm 13.50 dB 0 Bulgaria 2025-09-03 20:58:28 View
Vratsa G1 🇧🇬🌐🛰️ (VRG1) -0.022s
Before 		-70.0 dBm 12.50 dB 0 Bulgaria 2025-09-03 20:58:28 View
TC2-BBS📬💻🇧🇬 (TBBS) +0.016s
After 		-59.0 dBm 9.75 dB 0 Bulgaria 2025-09-03 20:58:28 View
Vratsa M1🇧🇬🏚️🛰️ (VRM1) +3.795s
After 		-116.0 dBm -5.75 dB 1 Bulgaria 2025-09-03 20:58:32 View
5

Total Receptions

5

Unique Gateways