Packet #2501507 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from Vitoshko Rele (VRR) to StoneGate (SG)

8
Total Receptions
8
Unique Gateways
2
Hop Count
26
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 2501507
Mesh Packet ID: 0x5659925a
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2026-05-23 10:05:16 UTC
From Node: Vitoshko Rele (VRR)
To Node: StoneGate (SG)
Success: Processed
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Port: 70
Gateway: Bin Hop (BCBH)
Channel: Bulgaria
RSSI: -46 dBm
SNR: 12.0 dBm
Hop Info: 2/2 hops
Start: 2, Limit: 0
Relay Node: 6a Bin
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions
Payload Data
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Size: 26 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
Route Information
SNR Towards: 0.0 dB
Return Path: Gerena (R+GW) (GERE) → Bin bin (Bin)
SNR Back: 3.25 dB -2.25 dB
Traceroute Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 StoneGate (SG) Vitoshko Rele (VRR) 11.73 km 0.0 dB Origin Hops
Traceroute incomplete - Final destination not reached
Return Path Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 Vitoshko Rele (VRR) Gerena (R+GW) (GERE) 12.60 km 3.25 dB Return Start Hops
2 Gerena (R+GW) (GERE) Bin bin (Bin) Unknown -2.25 dB Return End Hops
Total Forward Distance
11.73 km
Total Return Distance
12.60 km
Combined Traceroute Graph
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Legend & Paths
Nodes
🔄 Router Node
📡 Gateway Node
🚀 Source Node
🎯 Target Node
Connections
RF Link
Gateway Connection
Direct Reception (0 hops)
Packet Paths
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Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:26 bytes
Gateway:!16ced4dc
Channel:Bulgaria
Payload Type:TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:2 / 2
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Direct Message
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 3 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
+ 1 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

FieldValue
gateway_id !16ced4dc
Node ID format
channel_id Bulgaria
packet MeshPacket (26 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Canonical MeshPacket view reconstructed from stored protobuf bytes.

FieldValueType
from 2996805976
Source node ID 		uint32
to 477137728
Target node ID 		uint32
decoded.portnum TRACEROUTE_APP
TRACEROUTE_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 26 bytes size
hop_limit Not set uint32
hop_start 2
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 2
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -46.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr 12.00 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1779530715
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack True
Acknowledgment requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel 37
Channel index 		uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 106
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp Not set uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Acknowledgment requested
  • ✓ Targeted to specific node
  • ✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Want ack: True
Gateway ID: !16ced4dc
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -46.0 dBm
SNR: 12.00 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:26 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "route_nodes": [], "snr_towards": [ 0.0 ], "route_back": [ 2997305536, 2154183530 ], "snr_back": [ 3.25, -2.25 ], "route_node_names": { "2997305536": "Gerena (R+GW) (GERE)", "2154183530": "Bin bin (Bin)", "2996805976": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "477137728": "StoneGate (SG)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 2501507, "timestamp": 1779530716.1487107, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 477137728, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!16ced4dc", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "mesh_packet_id": 1448710746, "rssi": -46, "snr": 12.0, "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 2, "payload_length": 26, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "1201001a08c040a7b26a3b6680220b0df7ffffffffffffffff01", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1779530715, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 106, "tx_after": 0, "raw_service_envelope": "0a570d58a19fb215408b701c18252a25ddc11396c242107ab40deed93453a0b0aa2f20602dee7fb206395830118db2a73ac291e63a355a9259563ddb7b116a4500004041500160d2ffffffffffffffff01780298016aa80101120842756c67617269611a09213136636564346463", "timestamp_str": "2026-05-23 10:05:16 UTC", "hop_count": 2, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "StoneGate (SG)", "relay_hex": "6a", "relay_candidates": [ { "node_id": 2154183530, "node_name": "Bin bin", "hex_id": "!80663b6a", "short_name": "Bin", "last_byte": "6a" } ], "gateway_name": "Bin Hop (BCBH)", "gateway_location": null }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 2501507, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 477137728, "timestamp": 1779530716.1487107, "gateway_id": "!16ced4dc", "raw_payload": "1201001a08c040a7b26a3b6680220b0df7ffffffffffffffff01", "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 2, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "StoneGate (SG)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [], "snr_towards": [ 0.0 ], "route_back": [ 2997305536, 2154183530 ], "snr_back": [ 3.25, -2.25 ] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward_with_return", "node_ids": [ 477137728, 2996805976 ], "node_names": [ "StoneGate (SG)", "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)" ], "snr_values": [ 0.0 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 477137728, "to_node_id": 2996805976, "from_node_name": "StoneGate (SG)", "to_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 11726.934807583688, "from_location_timestamp": 1778098429.7550483, "to_location_timestamp": 1779526912.625885, "from_location_age_warning": "from 2.4w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.1h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 1 }, "return_path": { "path_type": "return", "node_ids": [ 2996805976, 2997305536, 2154183530 ], "node_names": [ "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "Gerena (R+GW) (GERE)", "Bin bin (Bin)" ], "snr_values": [ 3.25, -2.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 2997305536, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "Gerena (R+GW) (GERE)", "snr": 3.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 12597.635762800475, "from_location_timestamp": 1779526912.625885, "to_location_timestamp": 1779516840.3260584, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.9h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2997305536, "to_node_id": 2154183530, "from_node_name": "Gerena (R+GW) (GERE)", "to_node_name": "Bin bin (Bin)", "snr": -2.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "combined_rf", "node_ids": [ 477137728, 2996805976, 2997305536, 2154183530 ], "node_names": [ "StoneGate (SG)", "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "Gerena (R+GW) (GERE)", "Bin bin (Bin)" ], "snr_values": [ 0.0, 3.25, -2.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 477137728, "to_node_id": 2996805976, "from_node_name": "StoneGate (SG)", "to_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 11726.934807583688, "from_location_timestamp": 1778098429.7550483, "to_location_timestamp": 1779526912.625885, "from_location_age_warning": "from 2.4w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.1h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 2997305536, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "Gerena (R+GW) (GERE)", "snr": 3.25, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 12597.635762800475, "from_location_timestamp": 1779526912.625885, "to_location_timestamp": 1779516840.3260584, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.9h ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 2997305536, "to_node_id": 2154183530, "from_node_name": "Gerena (R+GW) (GERE)", "to_node_name": "Bin bin (Bin)", "snr": -2.25, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 3 } }, "has_return_path": true, "is_complete": false, "forward_path_display": "StoneGate (SG) → Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "return_path_display": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR) → Gerena (R+GW) (GERE) → Bin bin (Bin)", "actual_rf_path_display": "StoneGate (SG) → Vitoshko Rele (VRR) → Gerena (R+GW) (GERE) → Bin bin (Bin)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 477137728, "to_node_id": 2996805976, "from_node_name": "StoneGate (SG)", "to_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 11726.934807583688, "from_location_timestamp": 1778098429.7550483, "to_location_timestamp": 1779526912.625885, "from_location_age_warning": "from 2.4w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.1h ago" } ], "return_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 2997305536, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "Gerena (R+GW) (GERE)", "snr": 3.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 12597.635762800475, "from_location_timestamp": 1779526912.625885, "to_location_timestamp": 1779516840.3260584, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.9h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2997305536, "to_node_id": 2154183530, "from_node_name": "Gerena (R+GW) (GERE)", "to_node_name": "Bin bin (Bin)", "snr": -2.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "total_forward_distance": 11726.934807583688, "total_return_distance": 12597.635762800475 }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "packet": { "from": 2996805976, "to": 477137728, "channel": 37, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "EgEAGgjAQKeyajtmgCILDff//////////wE=", "request_id": 2453974461, "bitfield": 1 }, "id": 1448710746, "rx_time": 1779530715, "rx_snr": 12.0, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -46, "hop_start": 2, "relay_node": 106, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" }, "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "gateway_id": "!16ced4dc" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2996805976, "to": 477137728, "channel": 37, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "EgEAGgjAQKeyajtmgCILDff//////////wE=", "request_id": 2453974461, "bitfield": 1, "parsed_payload": { "snr_towards": [ 0 ], "route_back": [ 2997305536, 2154183530 ], "snr_back": [ 13, -9 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } }, "id": 1448710746, "rx_time": 1779530715, "rx_snr": 12.0, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -46, "hop_start": 2, "relay_node": 106, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" } }
Raw Packet Data (26 bytes)
1201001a08c040a7b26a3b6680220b0df7ffffffffffffffff01
Hex Analysis:
Size:26 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
Bin Hop (BCBH) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-46.0 dBm 12.00 dB 2 6a Bin Bulgaria 2026-05-23 10:05:16 UTC Current
0 hops (direct receptions) Gateways that heard the packet directly from the source
SofiaRedutaSG (SFRD) -0.902s
Before 		-96.0 dBm -3.25 dB 0 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-05-23 10:05:15 UTC View
Orthanc (8080) -0.893s
Before 		-85.0 dBm 5.25 dB 0 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-05-23 10:05:15 UTC View
Vitoshko Rele (VRR) -1.033s
Before 		Unknown Unknown 0 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-05-23 10:05:15 UTC View
BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA) -0.927s
Before 		-61.0 dBm 11.50 dB 0 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-05-23 10:05:15 UTC View
Gerena (R+GW) (GERE) -0.911s
Before 		-76.0 dBm 3.25 dB 0 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-05-23 10:05:15 UTC View
BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO) -0.882s
Before 		-68.0 dBm 10.25 dB 0 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-05-23 10:05:15 UTC View
1 hop Gateways that received this packet after 1 hop
LZ1MMH-R 🇧🇬 🏠 (MMH0) -0.267s
Before 		-114.0 dBm -1.75 dB 1 fa Bulgaria 2026-05-23 10:05:15 UTC View
8

Total Receptions

8

Unique Gateways