Packet #2397654 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from Vitoshko Rele (VRR) to Miro 4 LZ3MVM (Mir4)

11
Total Receptions
11
Unique Gateways
0
Hop Count
28
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 2397654
Mesh Packet ID: 0xedfe5ef9
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2026-05-13 08:07:05 UTC
From Node: Vitoshko Rele (VRR)
To Node: Miro 4 LZ3MVM (Mir4)
Success: Processed
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Port: 70
Gateway: GW Nadejda SF 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)
Channel: Bulgaria
RSSI: -82 dBm
SNR: 8.0 dBm
Hop Info: 0/2 hops
Start: 2, Limit: 2
Relay Node: 80 Gold , OGBG
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions
Payload Data
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Size: 28 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
Route Information
Route Path: TheGoldTower (Gold)
Hop Count: 0 hops
Status: Forward complete, Return in progress
SNR Towards: -7.75 dB 9.5 dB
Return Path: TheGoldTower (Gold)
SNR Back: 8.75 dB
Traceroute Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 Miro 4 LZ3MVM (Mir4) TheGoldTower (Gold) 1.19 km -7.75 dB Origin Hops
2 TheGoldTower (Gold) Vitoshko Rele (VRR) 12.13 km 9.5 dB Destination Hops
Return Path Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 Vitoshko Rele (VRR) TheGoldTower (Gold) 12.13 km 8.75 dB Return Start Hops
Total Forward Distance
13.32 km
Total Return Distance
12.13 km
Combined Traceroute Graph
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Legend & Paths
Nodes
🔄 Router Node
📡 Gateway Node
🚀 Source Node
🎯 Target Node
Connections
RF Link
Gateway Connection
Direct Reception (0 hops)
Packet Paths
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Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:28 bytes
Gateway:!9ea08f08
Channel:Bulgaria
Payload Type:TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:0 / 2
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Direct Message
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 4 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

FieldValue
gateway_id !9ea08f08
Node ID format
channel_id Bulgaria
packet MeshPacket (28 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Canonical MeshPacket view reconstructed from stored protobuf bytes.

FieldValueType
from 2996805976
Source node ID 		uint32
to 2438449106
Target node ID 		uint32
decoded.portnum TRACEROUTE_APP
TRACEROUTE_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 28 bytes size
hop_limit 2
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 2
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 0
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -82.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr 8.00 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1778659623
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack True
Acknowledgment requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel 37
Channel index 		uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 128
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp Not set uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Acknowledgment requested
  • ✓ Targeted to specific node
  • ✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
  • ✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Want ack: True
Gateway ID: !9ea08f08
Zero Hop Policy: Enabled
Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -82.0 dBm
SNR: 8.00 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:28 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "route_nodes": [ 1770340992 ], "snr_towards": [ -7.75, 9.5 ], "route_back": [ 1770340992 ], "snr_back": [ 8.75 ], "route_node_names": { "1770340992": "TheGoldTower (Gold)", "2438449106": "Miro 4 LZ3MVM (Mir4)", "2996805976": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 2397654, "timestamp": 1778659625.5235379, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 2438449106, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!9ea08f08", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "mesh_packet_id": 3992870649, "rssi": -82, "snr": 8.0, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "payload_length": 28, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a0480428569120be1ffffffffffffffff01261a0480428569220123", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1778659623, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 128, "tx_after": 0, "raw_service_envelope": "0a590d58a19fb215d2c7579118252a27e6b54bdf4d097c8f3c682d59942dd12b45c1786ebd44cc6b76e86936c9dc7d3071cec091d98bf635f95efeed3d2731046a45000000414802500160aeffffffffffffffff01780298018001120842756c67617269611a09213965613038663038", "timestamp_str": "2026-05-13 08:07:05 UTC", "hop_count": 0, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "Miro 4 LZ3MVM (Mir4)", "relay_hex": "80", "relay_candidates": [ { "node_id": 1770340992, "node_name": "TheGoldTower", "hex_id": "!69854280", "short_name": "Gold", "last_byte": "80" }, { "node_id": 2997288576, "node_name": "OmegaBG", "hex_id": "!b2a6fe80", "short_name": "OGBG", "last_byte": "80" } ], "gateway_name": "GW Nadejda SF 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 2661322504, "latitude": 42.7282432, "longitude": 23.2886272, "altitude": 450, "timestamp": 1778652398.919282, "timestamp_str": "2026-05-13 06:06:38", "display_name": "GW Nadejda SF 🇧🇬🏢🛰️", "long_name": "GW Nadejda SF 🇧🇬🏢🛰️", "short_name": "SFGN", "hw_model": "HELTEC_WSL_V3" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 2397654, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 2438449106, "timestamp": 1778659625.5235379, "gateway_id": "!9ea08f08", "raw_payload": "0a0480428569120be1ffffffffffffffff01261a0480428569220123", "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "Miro 4 LZ3MVM (Mir4)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 1770340992 ], "snr_towards": [ -7.75, 9.5 ], "route_back": [ 1770340992 ], "snr_back": [ 8.75 ] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward_with_return", "node_ids": [ 2438449106, 1770340992, 2996805976 ], "node_names": [ "Miro 4 LZ3MVM (Mir4)", "TheGoldTower (Gold)", "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)" ], "snr_values": [ -7.75, 9.5 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2438449106, "to_node_id": 1770340992, "from_node_name": "Miro 4 LZ3MVM (Mir4)", "to_node_name": "TheGoldTower (Gold)", "snr": -7.75, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 1191.9242162911157, "from_location_timestamp": 1778655031.7722647, "to_location_timestamp": 1778659202.7957702, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.3h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 1770340992, "to_node_id": 2996805976, "from_node_name": "TheGoldTower (Gold)", "to_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "snr": 9.5, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 12130.706202709109, "from_location_timestamp": 1778659202.7957702, "to_location_timestamp": 1778646335.1761973, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.7h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "return_path": { "path_type": "return", "node_ids": [ 2996805976, 1770340992 ], "node_names": [ "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "TheGoldTower (Gold)" ], "snr_values": [ 8.75 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 1770340992, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "TheGoldTower (Gold)", "snr": 8.75, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 12130.706202709109, "from_location_timestamp": 1778646335.1761973, "to_location_timestamp": 1778659202.7957702, "from_location_age_warning": "from 3.7h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 1 }, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "combined_rf", "node_ids": [ 2438449106, 1770340992, 2996805976 ], "node_names": [ "Miro 4 LZ3MVM (Mir4)", "TheGoldTower (Gold)", "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)" ], "snr_values": [ -7.75, 9.5, 8.75 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2438449106, "to_node_id": 1770340992, "from_node_name": "Miro 4 LZ3MVM (Mir4)", "to_node_name": "TheGoldTower (Gold)", "snr": -7.75, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 1191.9242162911157, "from_location_timestamp": 1778655031.7722647, "to_location_timestamp": 1778659202.7957702, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.3h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 1770340992, "to_node_id": 2996805976, "from_node_name": "TheGoldTower (Gold)", "to_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "snr": 9.5, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 12130.706202709109, "from_location_timestamp": 1778659202.7957702, "to_location_timestamp": 1778646335.1761973, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.7h ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 1770340992, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "TheGoldTower (Gold)", "snr": 8.75, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 12130.706202709109, "from_location_timestamp": 1778646335.1761973, "to_location_timestamp": 1778659202.7957702, "from_location_age_warning": "from 3.7h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 3 } }, "has_return_path": true, "is_complete": true, "forward_path_display": "Miro 4 LZ3MVM (Mir4) → TheGoldTower (Gold) → Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "return_path_display": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR) → TheGoldTower (Gold)", "actual_rf_path_display": "Miro 4 LZ3MVM (Mir4) → TheGoldTower (Gold) → Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2438449106, "to_node_id": 1770340992, "from_node_name": "Miro 4 LZ3MVM (Mir4)", "to_node_name": "TheGoldTower (Gold)", "snr": -7.75, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 1191.9242162911157, "from_location_timestamp": 1778655031.7722647, "to_location_timestamp": 1778659202.7957702, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.3h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 1770340992, "to_node_id": 2996805976, "from_node_name": "TheGoldTower (Gold)", "to_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "snr": 9.5, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 12130.706202709109, "from_location_timestamp": 1778659202.7957702, "to_location_timestamp": 1778646335.1761973, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.7h ago" } ], "return_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 1770340992, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "TheGoldTower (Gold)", "snr": 8.75, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 12130.706202709109, "from_location_timestamp": 1778646335.1761973, "to_location_timestamp": 1778659202.7957702, "from_location_age_warning": "from 3.7h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago" } ], "total_forward_distance": 13322.630419000225, "total_return_distance": 12130.706202709109 }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "packet": { "from": 2996805976, "to": 2438449106, "channel": 37, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "CgSAQoVpEgvh//////////8BJhoEgEKFaSIBIw==", "request_id": 1605817982, "bitfield": 1 }, "id": 3992870649, "rx_time": 1778659623, "rx_snr": 8.0, "hop_limit": 2, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -82, "hop_start": 2, "relay_node": 128 }, "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "gateway_id": "!9ea08f08" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2996805976, "to": 2438449106, "channel": 37, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "CgSAQoVpEgvh//////////8BJhoEgEKFaSIBIw==", "request_id": 1605817982, "bitfield": 1, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 1770340992 ], "snr_towards": [ -31, 38 ], "route_back": [ 1770340992 ], "snr_back": [ 35 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } }, "id": 3992870649, "rx_time": 1778659623, "rx_snr": 8.0, "hop_limit": 2, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -82, "hop_start": 2, "relay_node": 128 } }
Raw Packet Data (28 bytes)
0a0480428569120be1ffffffffffffffff01261a0480428569220123
Hex Analysis:
Size:28 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
GW Nadejda SF 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-82.0 dBm 8.00 dB 0 80 Gold , OGBG Bulgaria 2026-05-13 08:07:05 UTC Current
0 hops (direct receptions) Gateways that heard the packet directly from the source
LZ1MMH-R 🇧🇬 🏠 (MMH0) -0.062s
Before 		-135.0 dBm -11.50 dB 0 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-05-13 08:07:05 UTC View
SofiaRedutaSG (SFRD) -0.578s
Before 		-93.0 dBm -1.50 dB 0 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-05-13 08:07:04 UTC View
PAN GW (PAGW) -0.485s
Before 		-83.0 dBm 4.75 dB 0 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-05-13 08:07:05 UTC View
LZ3WWW-MD-SF (🦄) +0.705s
After 		-108.0 dBm -3.00 dB 0 fa Bulgaria 2026-05-13 08:07:06 UTC View
TheGoldTower (Gold) -0.514s
Before 		-80.0 dBm 8.75 dB 0 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-05-13 08:07:05 UTC View
LZ1VIL (vilk) -0.121s
Before 		-103.0 dBm 4.25 dB 0 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-05-13 08:07:05 UTC View
Vitoshko Rele (VRR) -0.651s
Before 		Unknown Unknown 0 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-05-13 08:07:04 UTC View
BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA) -0.566s
Before 		-62.0 dBm 11.50 dB 0 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-05-13 08:07:04 UTC View
Gerena (R+GW) (GERE) -0.430s
Before 		-62.0 dBm 10.50 dB 0 28 9d28 , PAPA , 7d28 , 1c28 Bulgaria 2026-05-13 08:07:05 UTC View
BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO) -0.542s
Before 		-66.0 dBm 11.25 dB 0 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-05-13 08:07:04 UTC View
11

Total Receptions

11

Unique Gateways